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Genes that have a suppressor allele or suppressor mutation (SUPPRESSION, GENETIC) which cancels the effect of a previous mutation, enabling the wild-…

Genes that cause the epigenotype (i.e., the interrelated developmental pathways through which the adult organism is realized) to switch to an alterna…

Biologically functional sequences of DNA chemically synthesized in vitro.

DNA sequences, in cells of the T-lymphocyte lineage, that code for T-cell receptors. The TcR genes are formed by somatic rearrangement (see GENE REAR…

DNA sequences encoding the alpha chain of the T-cell receptor. The genomic organization of the TcR alpha genes is essentially the same in all species…

DNA sequences encoding the beta chain of the T-cell receptor. The genomic organization of the TcR beta genes is essentially the same in all species a…

DNA sequences encoding the delta chain of the T-cell receptor. The delta-chain locus is located entirely within the alpha-chain locus.

DNA sequences encoding the gamma chain of the T-cell receptor. The human gamma-chain locus is organized similarly to the TcR beta-chain locus.

DNA sequences that form the coding region for the protein responsible for trans-activation of transcription (tat) in human immunodeficiency virus (HI…

Genes that are used transgenically, i.e., via GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES to induce CELL DEATH.

Genes that inhibit expression of the tumorigenic phenotype. They are normally involved in holding cellular growth in check. When tumor suppressor gen…

DNA sequences that form the coding region for the vif (virion infectivity factor) protein that is important for the generation of infectious virions …

The functional hereditary units of VIRUSES.

DNA sequences that form the coding region for a trans-activator protein that specifies rapid growth in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). vpr is sho…

DNA sequences that form the coding region for the HIV-1 regulatory protein vpu (viral protein U) that greatly increases the export of virus particles…

Genes at loci that are involved in the development of WILMS TUMOR. Included are human WT1 at 11p13 and human WT2 (MTACR1) at 11p15.

Genes that are located on the X CHROMOSOME.

Genes that are located on the Y CHROMOSOME.

The entire genetic composition of a strain or individual that interacts with a gene of interest.

The meaning ascribed to the BASE SEQUENCE with respect to how it is translated into AMINO ACID SEQUENCE. The start, stop, and order of amino acids of…

The fluctuation of the ALLELE FREQUENCY from one generation to the next.

The capability of an organism to survive and reproduce. The phenotypic expression of the genotype in a particular environment determines how genetica…

The presence of apparently similar characteristics for which the genetic evidence indicates that different genes or different genetic mechanisms are …

The transfer of genetic material from one species to another by inter-species hybridization and repeated backcrossing.

The co-inheritance of two or more non-allelic GENES due to their being located more or less closely on the same CHROMOSOME.

The relative amount by which the average fitness of a POPULATION is lowered, due to the presence of GENES that decrease survival, compared to the GEN…

Specific regions that are mapped within a GENOME. Genetic loci are usually identified with a shorthand notation that indicates the chromosome number …

The biological processes, properties, and objects that are involved in maintaining, expressing, and transmitting from one organism to another, geneti…

A phenomenon in which multiple and diverse phenotypic outcomes are influenced by a single gene (or single gene product.)

A set of characteristics unique to the DNA of an individual organism or population obtained by analyzing small samples of biological material such as…