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The interval between two successive CELL DIVISIONS during which the CHROMOSOMES are not individually distinguishable. It is composed of the G phases …

Copies of transposable elements interspersed throughout the genome, some of which are still active and often referred to as jumping genes. There are …

Uptake of substances through the lining of the INTESTINES.

The role of the intestinal wall as a selective barrier defending against infiltration of bacteria and toxic molecules while allowing the passage or t…

The discharge of substances from the blood supply into the intestinal lumen for excretion by DEFECATION.

The re-uptake of substances in the intestines after their prior absorption from the intestines into the PORTAL SYSTEM and reintroduction into the int…

Pressure within the cranial cavity. It is influenced by brain mass, the circulatory system, CSF dynamics, and skull rigidity.

Uptake of substances via muscle tissue.

The pressure of the fluids in the eye.

Sequences of DNA in the genes that are located between the EXONS. They are transcribed along with the exons but are removed from the primary gene tra…

Copies of nucleic acid sequence that are arranged in opposing orientation. They may lie adjacent to each other (tandem) or be separated by some seque…

The opening and closing of ion channels due to a stimulus. The stimulus can be a change in membrane potential (voltage-gated), drugs or chemical tran…

Reversible chemical reaction between a solid, often one of the ION EXCHANGE RESINS, and a fluid whereby ions may be exchanged from one substance to a…

The movement of ions across energy-transducing cell membranes. Transport can be active, passive or facilitated. Ions may travel by themselves (unipor…

The changing of the color of an object due to variations in the angle of illumination or observation.

Tracts of land completely surrounded by water.

Large regions of the GENOME that contain local similarities in BASE COMPOSITION.

The phenomenon whereby certain chemical compounds have structures that are different although the compounds possess the same elemental composition. (…

Muscular contractions characterized by increase in tension without change in length.

Muscle contraction with negligible change in the force of contraction but shortening of the distance between the origin and insertion.

Running at a low rate of speed. It can be done as a means of conditioning or for general health and well being.

The fifth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its sixteen natural satellites include Callisto, Eur…

A system of metabolic interactions by products produced in the distal nephron of the KIDNEY. These products include KALLIKREIN; KININS; KININASE I; K…

Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the antibiotic KANAMYCIN, which can bind to their 70S ribosomes and cause misreading of messenger RNA.

The full set of CHROMOSOMES presented as a systematized array of METAPHASE chromosomes from a photomicrograph of a single CELL NUCLEUS arranged in pa…

Highly conserved protein domains characteristic of SERINE PROTEASE INHIBITORS, KAZAL TYPE. They generally occur as tandem repeats, with each domain c…

A beverage made from milk fermented by a mixture of endogenous LACTIC ACID-producing yeast and bacteria (KEFIR GRAINS), many of which are PROBIOTICS.…

An amino acid sequence of about 50 residues long that is composed of X n-long repeats which form a four-stranded anti-parallel BETA-SHEET as a struct…

The ability of the kidney to excrete in the urine high concentrations of solutes from the blood plasma.

The repeated weak excitation of brain structures, that progressively increases sensitivity to the same stimulation. Over time, this can lower the thr…