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Local surface sites on antibodies which react with antigen determinant sites on antigens (EPITOPES.) They are formed from parts of the variable regio…

An increase in the concentration of an exogenous substance in the tissues of organisms higher than surrounding ENVIRONMENT. Accumulation of such XENO…

The facilitation of biochemical reactions with the aid of naturally occurring catalysts such as ENZYMES.

The chemical processes, enzymatic activities, and pathways of living things and related temporal, dimensional, qualitative, and quantitative concepts.

The variety of all native living organisms and their various forms and interrelationships.

Encrustations formed from microbes (bacteria, algae, fungi, plankton, or protozoa) embedded in an EXTRACELLULAR POLYMERIC SUBSTANCE MATRIX that is se…

Process by which unwanted microbial, plant or animal materials or organisms accumulate on man-made surfaces.

The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to re…

The physiological mechanisms that govern the rhythmic occurrence of certain biochemical, physiological, and behavioral phenomena.

The process of reciprocal evolutionary change occurring between pairs of species or among groups of species as they interact.

The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological cha…

Resemblance in appearance, structure, function, sound, scent or behavior between related or unrelated species, occurring in the same geographic locat…

Biological processes, properties, and characteristics of the whole organism in human, animal, microorganisms, and plants, and of the biosphere.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across…

The movement of materials across cell membranes and epithelial layers against an electrochemical gradient, requiring the expenditure of metabolic ene…

Differences in measurable biological values, characteristics, or traits, within one individual under different conditions for the individual such as …

Differences in measurable biological values, characteristics, or traits, among individuals of a population or between population groups.

Total mass of all the organisms of a given type and/or in a given area. (From Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990) It includes the yield of vegetativ…

The properties, processes, and behavior of biological systems under the action of mechanical forces.

Process by which living organisms produce MINERALS that accumulate into hardened tissues (e.g., bones, teeth and shells), and cellular nanostructures…

The physical characteristics and processes of biological systems.

Sets of enzymatic reactions occurring in organisms and that form biochemicals by making new covalent bonds.

The spectrum of different living organisms inhabiting a particular region, habitat, or biotope.

The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the pr…

The property of nonisotropic media, such as crystals, whereby a single incident beam of light traverses the medium as two beams, each plane-polarized…

Physical setting or location of birth.

The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.

The sexual attraction or relationship between members of both the same and the opposite SEX.

Duration of blood flow after skin puncture. This test is used as a measure of capillary and platelet function.

Brief closing of the eyelids by involuntary normal periodic closing, as a protective measure, or by voluntary action.